{"id":1215,"date":"2014-01-13T16:43:04","date_gmt":"2014-01-13T14:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dainile.lt\/?p=1215"},"modified":"2022-02-07T09:49:56","modified_gmt":"2022-02-07T07:49:56","slug":"subo-papiktinimas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/subo-papiktinimas\/","title":{"rendered":"Subo papiktinimas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mano naujametinis \u017eem\u0173 da\u017eni\u0173 kolon\u0117l\u0117s perdarymo projekt\u0117lis pagaliau fini\u0161avo. Fini\u0161as nesud\u0117tingas &#8211; paklausymas ir \u012fvertinimas. Nu tai nuo prad\u017ei\u0173. Vien\u017eo, nusi\u010diupom sub&#8217;\u0105, pagal dokumentus &#8211; Automobilin\u0117 aktyvin\u0117 kolon\u0117l\u0117 \u00d8300mm 160W 4om, 91dB; 30-2500Hz; maitinimas 12VDC; pajungimas 2xRCA; 45x30x34cm. Palyginus su grandais \u017einoma nieko ypatingo, bet baziniai principai yra, juos tereikia papiktinti :). \u0160tai tas \u017ev\u0117riukas u\u017evadintas Dibeisi P1207A:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0840.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1217\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0840-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0840\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0840-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0840-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>O \u010dia jo stiprintuvo radiatoriukas ir pajungimai:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0841.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1218\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0841-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0841\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0841-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0841-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Dizainas paprastas, &#8222;aprengtas&#8221; kilime danga &#8211; \u017eod\u017eiu standartinis sub&#8217;as be &#8222;vikrentas\u0173&#8221;. Lupam lauk stiprintuv\u0105 ir \u017ei\u016brim k\u0105 turim:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0843.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1219\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0843-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0843\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0843-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0843-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Radiatoriaus vidin\u0117je pus\u0117je dvi plok\u0161t\u0117s &#8211; \u017ealia su \u012f\u0117jimais, reguliatoriais ir saugikli\u0173, bei gelsva (?) su maitinimu ir stiprintuvu. I\u0161ard\u017eius vaizdas nelabai \u012fdomus, bet vistiek \u012fdedu \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0845.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1222\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0845-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0845\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0845-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0845-577x1024.jpg 577w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0845.jpg 1840w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 169px) 100vw, 169px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0846.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1223\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0846-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0846\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0846-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0846-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Takeliai, litavimas visai neblogi, &#8222;did\u017eiasroviai&#8221; takeliai netgi pariebinti lydmetaliu. Tik va termopastos tai ka\u017ekaip skystokai&#8230; Toliau lupam kolon\u0117l\u0119 ir \u017ei\u016brim kas inkiliuke gyvena \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0847.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1224\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0847-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0847\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0847-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0847-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0848.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1225\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0848-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0848\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0848-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0848-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> Nu jo, matosi, kad kitaicai pask\u016bpino silikonu patept sud\u016brimus&#8230;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0849.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1226\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0849-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0849\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0849-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0849-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> Fazoinverteris &#8222;meni\u0161kai&#8221; \ud83d\ude00 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0850.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1227\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0850-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0850\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0850-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0850-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Stiprintuvo d\u0117\u017eut\u0117 i\u0161 vidaus. Nu, kad jau turiu visk\u0105 i\u0161vandalint\u0105 reikt\u0173 ir surinkti, bet nepamir\u0161ti \u0161\u012f bei t\u0105 pataisyti. Pirmiausia visi prieinami ir nelabai sud\u016brimai u\u017epilami geru silikonu (Wurth 0893 225 105-C\/SF). Riebiai pertepus visas si\u016bles silikonu galima j\u012f palikti d\u017ei\u016bti ir, tuo tarpu, u\u017esiimti kitais dalykais. Oooo, mano draugas stiprintuuuvas \ud83d\ude00 Nu, \u017ei\u016brim k\u0105 turim, o turim nelabai k\u0105. I\u0161 karto matosi ploni ekonominiai laidukai maitinimui ir \u012f kolon\u0117l\u0119, silpni bootstrapiniai kondensatoriai&#8230; Reiks pakeist. O tuo pa\u010diu galima pasinagrin\u0117ti ir \u0161it\u0105 stiprintuv\u0117l\u012f. Su automobiline audio technika yra blogai, ir viskas d\u0117l elementarios fizikos. Ir kad visk\u0105 suprasti, reikia \u017einoti bent pagrindines automobilin\u0117s audio technikos projektavimo subtilybes. Bandysiu para\u0161yti toki\u0105 mini instrukcij\u0105. Pirmas dalykas &#8211; koki\u0105 kolon\u0117l\u0119 tur\u0117s tampyti stiprintuvas. Tiksliau kokios galios. Tuomet bandome pasiskai\u010diuoti maksimalia stiprintuvo i\u0161\u0117jimo gali\u0105 pagal formul\u0119 :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/formule.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1240\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/formule.png\" alt=\"formule\" width=\"91\" height=\"56\" \/><\/a>\u010dia: P &#8211; maksimali galia i\u0161\u0117jime, U &#8211; \u012ftampa (lengvom 12-14,4VDC, sunkve\u017eimiams 23-24VDC), R &#8211; kolon\u0117l\u0117s var\u017ea nuolatinei srovei. Taigi,<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/form_sk.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1238\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/form_sk-300x57.png\" alt=\"form_sk\" width=\"300\" height=\"57\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/form_sk-300x57.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/form_sk.png 301w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>maksimali galia kuri\u0105 galima &#8222;padaryti&#8221; su 14,4V &#8211; tik 25,92 W. Ma\u017eokai sub&#8217;ui. Mastom logi\u0161kai &#8211; formul\u0117je dalyvauja tik du parametrai &#8211; \u012ftampa ir kolon\u0117l\u0117s var\u017ea. Kolon\u0117l\u0117s var\u017eos pakeisti nei\u0161eis, tai kod\u0117l gi nepakeitus \u012ftampos ? O k\u0105 jei tarkim \u012ftampa b\u016bt\u0173 ne 14,4V, o 50V ? Tuomet galia i\u0161\u0117jime gal\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti 312,5W. Jau net per daug :D. Taigi, projektuojant stiprintuv\u0105 automobiliui prad\u0117ti reikt\u0173 nuo maitinimo \u0161altinio (beje, kas tingi &#8211; reiks pasidom\u0117ti G ar H klas\u0117s stiprintuv\u0173 schemomis). Rei\u0161kia taip, mano atveju kolon\u0117l\u0117s maksimali galia 160W, taigi stiprintuvas tur\u0117s b\u016bti maitinamas 35,77V:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/voltage.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1242\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/voltage-300x152.png\" alt=\"voltage\" width=\"300\" height=\"152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/voltage-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/voltage.png 327w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0160tai vat jums ir pra\u0161om &#8211; stiprintuvo maitinimas turi b\u016bti ne ma\u017eiau 35V. O kur tok\u012f gauti automobilyje ? N\u0117ra&#8230; Tam ir reikalingas papildomas maitinimo \u0161altinis. O kad nereikt\u0173 ma\u0161inoje ve\u017eiotis dar ir papildomo generatoriaus su &#8222;nenormalia&#8221; \u012ftampa &#8211; papras\u010diausia bus pasidaryti i\u0161 12V tiek kiek reikia stiprintuvui. Papras\u010diausias ir patikimiausias b\u016bdas &#8211; SMPS, kas reik\u0161t\u0173\u00a0Switched-mode power supply, o jei ne pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 kalba &#8211; impulsinis maitinimo \u0161altinis. B\u016bt\u0173 beveik analogi\u0161kas <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/?p=678\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0161itam<\/a>, tik dirbt\u0173 atvirk\u0161\u010diai, ne i\u0161 24VDC daro 12VDC, o i\u0161 12VDC daryt\u0173 35VDC. Ten kur yra impulsiniai maitinimo blokai &#8211; nepamainomas darbinis aklys TL494 \u010dipas. Toks pats (ar jo analogai) naudojami visuose kompiuteriniuose ATX maitinimo blokuose. Mikroschemos maitinimas &#8211; nuo 7VDC iki 40VDC paduodamas \u012f 12 (+) ir 7 (-) i\u0161vadus, generatoriaus da\u017enis nuo 1kHz iki 300 kHz, tereikia pajungti tinkamus C ir R prie 5 ir 6 koj\u0173. Po to pj\u016bklo formos signalas paduodamas \u012f vidin\u012f komparatori\u0173 ir palyginamas su dviej\u0173 stiprintuv\u0173 i\u0161\u0117jimo \u012ftampomis. Vadinam\u0173j\u0173 klaidos stiprintuv\u0173 (error amplifer) \u012f\u0117jimai &#8211; 1, 2 ir 15, 16 i\u0161vadai. Tokie stiprintuvai naudojami vienos krypties gr\u012f\u017etamojo ry\u0161io grandin\u0117se \u012ftampos valdymui, kai paimama i\u0161\u0117jimo \u012ftampa ir palyginama su stabilia atramine \u012ftampa. Bet koks skirtumas tarp j\u0173 generuoja kompensuojam\u0105j\u012f klaidos signal\u0105 kuriuo pakoreguojama i\u0161\u0117jimo \u012ftampa iki reikiamo lygio.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/blok.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1246\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/blok-300x187.png\" alt=\"blok\" width=\"300\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/blok-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/blok.png 726w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Toliau i\u0161 komparatoriaus signalas patenka \u012f vidin\u012f valdikl\u012f (ta Pulse Steering Flip Flop &#8211; impulsu valdoma dviej\u0173 stabili\u0173 pad\u0117\u010di\u0173 valdikl\u012f) kuris pagal ateinant\u012f signal\u0105 jungia login\u012f 1 tai \u012f vien\u0105 tai \u012f kit\u0105 i\u0161\u0117jim\u0105 ir su keletu logini\u0173 element\u0173 (skirt\u0173 valdyti i\u0161\u0117jim\u0105 i\u0161 i\u0161or\u0117s per 13 i\u0161vad\u0105) pagalba valdo tranzistoriukus, kuri\u0173 kolektoriai ir emiteriai pajungti \u012f 9, 9 ir 11, 10 i\u0161vadus. Tranzistoriai dirba su \u012ftampom iki 41 VDC ir srov\u0117s iki 250 mA. Tokia srov\u0117 yra ma\u017eoka, taigi, jie da\u017eniausiai valdo didelius ir storus tranzistorius, kurie jau sugeba praleisti \u017eymiai didesn\u0119 srov\u0119. Dar truput\u012f apie t\u0105 nelaiming\u0105 13 i\u0161vad\u0105, nes jo panaudojimas gali irgi b\u016bti aktualus. Kai \u012f i\u0161vad\u0105 paduotas auk\u0161tas lygis (5VDC) &#8211; i\u0161\u0117jimo grandin\u0117s loginiai elementai dirba pagal valdiklio komandas, nes loginiai IR gauna loginius vienetus \u012f vien\u0105 i\u0161 kontakt\u0173. IR teisingumo lentel\u0117 (\u0117\u0117\u0117ch, d\u0117stytojas Kirvaitis&#8230;):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 A \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 B \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 A IR B<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">O jei suprantama kalba tai &#8211; kol viename \u012f\u0117jime bus 1 (tie patys 5V), tol i\u0161\u0117jimas atkartos antro \u012f\u0117jimo 1 ir 0. Taigi, atjungus 5V &#8211; nesvarbu kaip dirbt\u0173 valdiklis &#8211; i\u0161\u0117jimas bus 0. Antrasis logini\u0173 element\u0173 lygmuo skirtas automatiniam valdymui. \u017di\u016brim kairiau nuo Flip\u017eFlop valdiklio &#8211; ten yra toks nei trikampis nei apskritimas &#8211; loginis elementas ARBA. Jo teisingumo lentel\u0117:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0A \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 B \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 A OR B<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">I\u0161 lentel\u0117s matome, kad jei bent vienas \u012f\u0117jimas yra 1 &#8211; i\u0161\u0117jime visada bus 1. Kad b\u016bt\u0173 lengviau \u012fsivaizduoti, galvokime, kad kai bent viename \u012f\u0117jime yra 5V tai ir i\u0161\u0117jime bus 5V. Normaliu darbo re\u017eimu \u012f kair\u012fj\u012f ARBA element\u0105 ateina bent vienas 1, taigi ir i\u0161eina loginis 1, tuo u\u017ekurdamas Flip-Flop valdikl\u012f, kuris jungin\u0117ja tai vien\u0105 tai kit\u0105 savo i\u0161\u0117jim\u0105, kurie praeina IR elementus (jeigu paduoti 5V \u012f 13 i\u0161vad\u0105, taip sakant paduotas loginis 1), pra\u0117j\u0119s signalas v\u0117l patenka \u012f du NE-ARBA elementus, kuriuos pati mikroschema panaudoja i\u0161\u0117jimo valdymui. \u012ededu trump\u0105 vizualizacij\u0105:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">httpv:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Bt3v0eOsQBc<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Prad\u017eioje yra normali &#8222;darbine&#8221; b\u016bkl\u0117 &#8211; vir\u0161utinis mygtukas \u012fjungtas (\u010dia 13 i\u0161vadas, tipo pa\u0161ertas 5V), centre valdiklis m\u0117tantis vienetukus tai vienam tai kitam elementui, apa\u010dioje vidinis &#8222;mygtukas&#8221; i\u0161 PWM komparatoriaus ir Deat time valdiklio. Ties 6 sekunde i\u0161orinio valdymo mygtukas i\u0161jungiamas, valdiklis vis dar m\u0117to vienetukus, bet i\u0161\u0117jime turim abu auk\u0161tus lygius, taigi abu tranzistoriai atidaryti. Ties 9 sekunde \u012fjungiamas vidinio valdymo mygtukas ir pasikei\u010dia tik tai, kad dabar i\u0161\u0117jimo lygiai yra abu \u017eemi, t.y. tranzistoriai abu u\u017edaryti. Ties 12 sekunde \u012fjungiamas ir i\u0161orinis valdymas, bet tai nieko nepakei\u010dia. Ir gale i\u0161jungiamas vidinis valdymo mygtukas &#8211; v\u0117l viskas veikia. \u0160itie du dalykai paprastai naudojami dviem atvejais &#8211; kai galiniai tranzistoriai dirba pakaitom (push-pull) arba kartu (nuosekliai\/lygiaigre\u010diai sujungti), kei\u010diasi tik komutavimas. Kadangi vien apie \u0161it\u0105 mikroschem\u0105 b\u016bt\u0173 galima ra\u0161yti jei ne baigiam\u0105j\u012f tai bent jau kursin\u012f darb\u0105, gal ties tuo ir apsistokime &#8211; turime tai ko reikia &#8211; kintam\u0105 \u012ftamp\u0105 i\u0161 nuolatin\u0117s. Nu ir kas, kad ta \u012ftampa ne gra\u017ei sinusoid\u0117 o paprastas sta\u010diakampis impulsas (ir dar dvigubas). Auk\u0161tinan\u010diam transformatoriui to gana, rei\u0161kia gana ir mums :). Jeigu reikia smulkiau &#8211; pra\u0161om <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/tl494.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spausti \u010dia<\/a>. I\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 labai geras apra\u0161ymas ir visiems, kam \u012fdom\u016bs impulsini\u0173 maitinimo \u0161altini\u0173 darbo principas\/projektavimas. Tai va, turim kintam\u0105 \u012ftamp\u0105. Stiprintuvuose (o ir maitblokiuose) da\u017eniausiai naudojamas <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/?p=345\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">push-pull arba half bridge topologija<\/a>. Ta &#8222;kintama&#8221; \u012ftampa \u0161eriama auk\u0161tinan\u010diam transformatoriui (galima darytis, galima panaudoti <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/?p=460\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transformatori\u0173 i\u0161 ATX maitinimo bloko<\/a>). Padavus 14V \u012f 5V apvij\u0105 i\u0161\u0117jime bus apie 34VAC :), tik labai atid\u017eiai tikrinti ar transformatoriaus i\u0161vadai negaus ar neperduos kokio papildomo maitinimo (nes ten bendras GND apvijoms). ATX transformatoriai geriausiai dirba prie 50 kHz, tai tok\u012f da\u017en\u012f ir reikt\u0173 \u0161erti i\u0161 TL494 (vidinis generatorius tur\u0117t\u0173 dirbti 2\u00b750 kHz = 100 kHz da\u017eniu). Po j\u0117gos tranz\u0173 (pvz, IRFZxx) dedam tiltel\u012f, kelet\u0105 kondensatori\u0173 ir psio, maitekas yra. A\u0161 netgi daugiau pasakysiu &#8211; yra dvipolis &#8211; teigiamo ir neigiamo poliarumo maitinimo \u0161altinis, kas labai gerai :). SMPS maitinimo bloko pagrindin\u0117 detal\u0117 &#8211; TL494 mikroschema trumpai aptarta, toliau projektuojant tik parenkami kondensatoriai, droseliai, tranzistoriai&#8230; Ir rekomenduoju \u012fd\u0117ti \u0161ioki\u0105 toki\u0105 apsaug\u0105 &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/?p=299\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lau\u017etuv\u0105<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Toliau &#8211; pats stiprintuvas. Kas pastebima i\u0161 pirmo \u017evilgsnio ? Ogi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0851.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1265\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0851-300x112.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0851\" width=\"300\" height=\"112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0851-300x112.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0851.jpg 893w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Nu o kas gi \u010dia blogai ? Tas, kad auk\u0161\u010diau aptartas maitinimo \u0161altinis \u0161eria \u0161ituos kondensatorius 36V \u012ftampa. Ne\u017einau, kas per gamintojas &#8222;Sancon&#8221;, bet \u012ftariu net ir jo kondensatoriams nepatinka didesn\u0117 nei nominalas \u012ftampa. Ka\u017ekiek, \u017einoma, veiks, bet&#8230; (kai geras sakinys gavosi &#8211; vieni kableliai \ud83d\ude00 ). Taigi, kondensatorius rekomenduoju keisti. O kad jau kei\u010diam tai d\u0117sim ir talpesnius &#8211; Jamicon&#8217;o 4700 \u03bcF x 50 V \u017ev\u0117riukus. Pagelb\u0117s \u017eemuose da\u017eniuose. PCB prisukta, atsukus vaizdas toks:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0853.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1266\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0853-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0853\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0853-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0853-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Matom blog\u012f &#8211; guminiai izoliatoriai nesutepti termopasta, o mes juk \u017einom, kad jie ir taip yar labai blogi \u0161ilumos laidininkai (termopastos tik vos matomas p\u0117dsakas)&#8230; Ka\u017ekokie keisti korozijos p\u0117dsakai, o naujas daiktas&#8230; Negra\u017eu. Jamam ir su gera chemija nuvalom (Wurth 0893 60-H\/LT ir po to 0893 65). Gra\u017eiam fini\u0161ui dar ir u\u017epur\u0161kiam lako Wurth 0893 70. Ir vaizdas po to:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0854.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1267\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0854-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0854\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0854-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0854-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0855.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1268\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0855-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0855\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0855-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0855-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>I\u0161 \u0161itos pus\u0117s nelabai kas matosi, tranzistoriai&#8230; Didieji galinukai <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/2sc4468e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2SC4468E<\/a> ir <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/2sc6011a_ds_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2SC6011A<\/a> (jei didinti gali\u0105 galima keisti \u012f 2SA2151A ir 2SC6011A, komplementarin\u0117 pora, 30 % galingesni), tarp ju ma\u017eiukas NPN&#8217;iukas 2SC1815 ir kitoj pus\u0117j pora tranziuk\u0173 i\u0161 maitinimo bloko. Visk\u0105 sutvarkom, pertepam termopasta, suver\u017eiam var\u017etais ir \u0161tai kaip atrodo surinktas stiprintuvo blokas:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0856.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1271\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0856-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0856\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0856-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0856-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Laidai tarp \u017ealios ir \u0161viesios PCB jai pakeisti \u012f storesnius, buvo tokie, nu kitajski &#8211; kai laidas storas, bet did\u017eioji skerspj\u016bvio dalis vien izoliacija ir keletas vario gysleli\u0173 vidury&#8230; Lygiai tas pats ir su laidu nuo stiprintuvo \u012f kolon\u0117les &#8211; \u012flituotas gra\u017eus, varinis, 2,5 mm\u00b2\u00a0laidukas&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0861.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1273\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0861-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0861\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0861-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0861-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>&#8230; ir visos sunkios ir galin\u010dios vibruoti dalys priklijuotos juodu silikonu (Wurth 0893 235 3). Tesiam surinkim\u0105 &#8211; laidas prilituotas prie kolon\u0117l\u0117s, kolon\u0117l\u0117s kra\u0161tas perteptas tuo pa\u010diu geruoju silikonu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0862.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1274\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0862-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0862\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0862-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0862-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0863.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1275\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0863-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"IMAG0863\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0863-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/IMAG0863-1024x577.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Beliko prispaudus kolon\u0117l\u0119, kad prilipt\u0173, prisukti tvirtinimus, u\u017ed\u0117ti &#8222;grotas&#8221;. \u0160tai ir viskas. M\u016bs\u0173 nuomone garsas stipriai pager\u0117jo, &#8222;o-bet-ta\u010diau&#8221; neturime \u012frangos pamatuoti pager\u0117jimo kokyb\u0119, taigi tenka kliautis tik savo ausimis. Dingo buv\u0119s \u016b\u017eesys (gal SMPS da\u017enio ka\u017ekokia harmonika praslysdavo), bums\u0117jimas tapo skaidresnis, ai\u0161kesnis ir gilesnis &#8211; vienu \u017eod\u017eiu tikslesnis, nauj\u0173 kondensatori\u0173 \u012ftaka. Chm&#8230; Reikia gamintis kok\u012f stiprintuv\u0117l\u012f, taigi, jau \u017einau koks bus sekantis didelis projektas \ud83d\ude42 Jei neting\u0117siu tai ir \u0161it\u0105 papildysiu element\u0173\/blokin\u0117mis schemomis (nors ir taip jau ilgas straipsnelis gavosi&#8230;).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mano naujametinis \u017eem\u0173 da\u017eni\u0173 kolon\u0117l\u0117s perdarymo projekt\u0117lis pagaliau fini\u0161avo. Fini\u0161as nesud\u0117tingas &#8211; paklausymas ir \u012fvertinimas. Nu tai nuo prad\u017ei\u0173. Vien\u017eo, nusi\u010diupom sub&#8217;\u0105, pagal dokumentus &#8211; Automobilin\u0117 aktyvin\u0117 kolon\u0117l\u0117 \u00d8300mm 160W 4om, 91dB; 30-2500Hz; maitinimas 12VDC; pajungimas 2xRCA; 45x30x34cm. Palyginus su grandais \u017einoma nieko ypatingo, bet baziniai principai yra, juos tereikia papiktinti :). \u0160tai tas \u017ev\u0117riukas&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-auto","category-elektronika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1215"}],"version-history":[{"count":41,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4062,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215\/revisions\/4062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}