{"id":299,"date":"2011-06-06T19:04:01","date_gmt":"2011-06-06T17:04:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dainile.lt\/?p=299"},"modified":"2015-11-03T14:04:13","modified_gmt":"2015-11-03T12:04:13","slug":"crowbar-apsauga-konverteriu-schemose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/crowbar-apsauga-konverteriu-schemose\/","title":{"rendered":"Crowbar apsauga konverteri\u0173 schemose"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ka\u017ekada sumas\u010diau pasinagrin\u0117ti kaip veikia Buck tipo \u012ftampos konverteriai, pasipai\u0161iau schemut\u0119&#8230; Bet kaip visada kas nors \u012fmai\u0161o \u0161auk\u0161t\u0105 deguto i medaus statin\u0119. \u0160\u012f kart\u0105 protingi \u017emon\u0117s i\u0161 o.electronics u\u017esimin\u0117 apie tranzistoriaus pramu\u0161imo galimyb\u0119 ir to pasekoje prijungtas prie konverterio aparatas bus \u0161eriamas \u012f\u0117jmo \u012ftampa. Kad apsisaugoti nuo tokio &#8222;malonumo&#8221; naudojamos Crowbar tipo schemos. Crowbar &#8211; lau\u017etuvas, puikiai visiems pa\u017e\u012fstamas daiktas, ypa\u010d Half Life fanatams:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-304\" title=\"crowbar\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar.jpg 493w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Kur tai skai\u010diau, kad toks pavadinimas \u0161itai schemai buvo duotas d\u0117l to, kad veikimas pana\u0161us \u012f veiksm\u0105, kai ant prie\u0161ingo poliarumo kontakt\u0173 u\u017emetamas lau\u017etuvas ir viskas kapitaliai u\u017esitrumpina ir nusvyla. Bet i\u0161saugo galutin\u012f vartotoj\u0105 :). Taigi, darbo principas paprastas &#8211; atsiradus didesniai \u012ftampai nei nustatyta schema u\u017etrumpina maitinimo \u0161altinio \u012f\u0117jim\u0105 (arba u\u017ekelia srov\u0117 vir\u0161 saugiklio suveikimo ribos) ir sudegina saugikl\u012f. Schemos realizuojamos \u012fvairiai, bet pagrinde u\u017etrumpinimui naudojami tiristoriai, trisilai (nemai\u0161yti su transilu). Didel\u0117ms srov\u0117ms ir\/ar \u012ftampoms naudojami tiratronai. Suveikus tiristoriui gali suveikti ir maitinimo \u0161altinio apsauga, apriboti srov\u0119 ir tada visi liks patenkinti. Arba sudeginamas saugiklis ir vistiek visi patenkinti :). Po Saule egzistuoja ir aktyv\u016bs &#8222;lau\u017etuvai&#8221; &#8211; sugebantys atjungti trump\u0105 jungim\u0105 kai pa\u0161alinamas \u012ftampos padid\u0117jimas ir konverteris gali toliau konvertuoti. Paprastai tokiose schemose naudojamas tranzistorius ir tiristorius. \u00a0Nu bet gry\u017etam prie paprastesni\u0173 schemu\u010diu. Vienas i\u0161 panaudot\u0173 variant\u0173:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-305 aligncenter\" title=\"crowbar1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar1-300x142.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar1-300x142.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar1-1024x486.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/crowbar1.png 1125w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Nedidukas 24V &gt; 12V konverteriukas, kada nors j\u012f apra\u0161ysiu, bet dabar ne apie j\u012f&#8230; Crowbar&#8217;o pagrindas &#8211; VS1 (tiristorius) ir ZD1 (Klarenso Zenerio diodas). Tokio tipo apsauga yra pati papras\u010diausia, ir d\u0117l to ji n\u0117ra tinkama ypatingai jautriems \u012frenginiams saugoti. V\u0117liau paai\u0161k\u0117s kod\u0117l. I\u0161kirpta ir supaprastinta schema:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/schem_cr_bar.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-635\" title=\"schem_cr_bar\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/schem_cr_bar-300x96.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/schem_cr_bar-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/schem_cr_bar.png 994w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>O turim tris dalis &#8211; auk\u0161tos \u012ftampos \u0161altinis, reguliatorius ir gale maitinamas prieataisas. Tie br\u016bk\u0161niai ant maitinimo tur\u0117t\u0173 reik\u0161ti konverterio schem\u0105. Bet dabar ji ne\u012fdomi, u\u017etai palikta tik apsauga. Kaip veikia ? Kol \u012ftampa ant ZD1 nevir\u0161ija Zenerio pramu\u0161imo \u012ftampos &#8211; visi dainuoja ir \u0161oka. Zeneris u\u017edarytas, per R1 neteka srov\u0117, nera jokios \u012ftampos, kuri gal\u0117t\u0173 atidaryti tiristori\u0173 VS1. Grafi\u0161kai atrodyt\u0173 ma\u017edaug taip:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-638\" title=\"osc1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc1-300x77.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"77\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc1-300x77.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc1.png 363w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Raudona &#8211; \u012f\u0117jimo \u012ftampa. Kod\u0117l pusbangis ? Kad papras\u010diau b\u016bt\u0173 imituoti \u012ftampos \u0161oktel\u0117jim\u0105. \u017dalia &#8211; \u012ftampa ant rezistoriaus ir valdymo elektrodo (vart\u0173 &#8211; gate).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-641\" title=\"osc2\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc2-300x109.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"109\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc2-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/osc2.png 363w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>O \u010dia lygiai tas pats, tik \u012f\u0117jimo \u012ftampa vir\u0161ija Zenerio pramu\u0161imo \u012ftamp\u0105. I\u0161 karto matosi, kad atsiranda signaliukas, atidarantis tiristori\u0173, o tas u\u017etrumpina maitinimo \u0161altin\u012f ir sudegina saugikl\u012f. \u0160itas grafikas n\u0117ra &#8222;politi\u0161kai&#8221; teisingas &#8211; u\u017etrumpinus teori\u0161kai U patapt\u0173 0V, o I &gt; \u221eA. Ai\u0161ku teori\u0161kai. Bet kuriuo atveju realiai \u0161itas grafikas atrodyt\u0173 su gerokai staigiau nukirstu \u017eem\u0117jan\u010diu frontu. Paprasta kaip dvi kapeikos, efektyvu, bet &#8211; koks pagrindinis \u0161itos konstrukcijos tr\u016bkumas? Jis pasisl\u0117p\u0119s Zenerio charakteristikoje.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/diode11.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-647\" title=\"diode11\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/diode11-300x228.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/diode11-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/06\/diode11.png 507w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Paveiksliuk\u0105 pasiskolinau i\u0161 visagalio Interneto. \u010cia Zenerio Volt-Amperin\u0117 charakteristika. Ir k\u0105 gi mes \u010dia matom blogo ? Jo, reikt\u0173 \u017ei\u016br\u0117ti \u012f t\u0105 viet\u0105, kur susikerta -Vz ir Iz(min). Tas glotnus grafiko per\u0117jimas tarp vertikalios ir horizontalios dalies stabdo Zenerio suveikim\u0105 keliomis \u03bcs. Taigi, galutinis vartotojas kelet\u0105 \u03bcs \u0161eriamas auk\u0161tesne \u012ftampa. Dauguma atveju nuo to nieko baisaus neatsitiks, bet visada yra &#8222;bet&#8221; &#8211; ypa\u010d jautriems prietaisams gali nepatikti. \u0160it\u0105 dalyk\u0105 galima suma\u017einti tinkamai parinkus suveikimo \u012ftampa ir apsaugini saugikl\u012f. Arba naudoti kito tipo schemas &#8211; su tranzistoriu, operacinuku ir t.t. Bus poreikis &#8211; panagrin\u0117sim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ka\u017ekada sumas\u010diau pasinagrin\u0117ti kaip veikia Buck tipo \u012ftampos konverteriai, pasipai\u0161iau schemut\u0119&#8230; Bet kaip visada kas nors \u012fmai\u0161o \u0161auk\u0161t\u0105 deguto i medaus statin\u0119. \u0160\u012f kart\u0105 protingi \u017emon\u0117s i\u0161 o.electronics u\u017esimin\u0117 apie tranzistoriaus pramu\u0161imo galimyb\u0119 ir to pasekoje prijungtas prie konverterio aparatas bus \u0161eriamas \u012f\u0117jmo \u012ftampa. Kad apsisaugoti nuo tokio &#8222;malonumo&#8221; naudojamos Crowbar tipo schemos. Crowbar &#8211;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-elektronika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=299"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1992,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299\/revisions\/1992"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}