{"id":6155,"date":"2025-05-20T14:51:44","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T12:51:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/?p=6155"},"modified":"2025-06-30T14:00:23","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T12:00:23","slug":"rysys-tarp-dvieju-kompiuteriu-per-usb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/rysys-tarp-dvieju-kompiuteriu-per-usb\/","title":{"rendered":"Ry\u0161ys tarp dviej\u0173 kompiuteri\u0173 per USB"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kartais reikia tokio dalyko, sujungtu du kompiuterius per USB. Arba bet kokius kitokius du prietaisus per USB, pavyzd\u017eiui, kompiuter\u012f ir koki\u0173 nors gudri\u0173 stakli\u0173 valdymo blok\u0105 su USB jungtimi. Taigi, tiesioginio USB &#8211; USB ry\u0161io n\u0117ra, nes tam reikt\u0173 ra\u0161yti specialias tvarkykles ir dar knistis su visokiais papildomais programavimo\/komunikacijos reikalais. O daroma viskas papras\u010diau &#8211; USB i\u0161 abiej\u0173 pusi\u0173 paver\u010diamas RS-232, o tie jau komunikuoja tarpusavyje. Kompiuteriai puikiausiai moka dirbti su RS-232, tvarkykl\u0117s da\u017eniausiai jau b\u016bna \u012fdiegtos arba automati\u0161kai \u012fsidiegia, taigi, labai supaprast\u0117ja ry\u0161ys netgi tarp dviej\u0173 normali\u0173 kompiuteri\u0173. Taigi, technin\u0117 u\u017eduotis:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reikalingas laidas \/ adapteris \/ sujungimas, kuriuo b\u016bt\u0173 galima sujungti du kompiuterius arba kitus \u012frenginius, kurie neturi speciali\u0173 tvarkykli\u0173, bet dirba per USB;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jeigu reikia &#8211; maitinimas nuo USB jungties;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tvarkykl\u0117s turi b\u016bti diegiamos automati\u0161kai arba lengvai randamos Internete;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Turi b\u016bti paprastas naudoti;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Turi b\u016bti saugus naudoti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kol kas tiek, jeigu darbo eigoje atsiras nauj\u0173 u\u017eduo\u010di\u0173 &#8211; papildysiu. \u0160itoje vietoje reikia prisiminti senov\u0119, nes jau viskas yra i\u0161rast\u0105, o tai kas nauja &#8211; gerai pamir\u0161ta sena. \u0160iuo atveju pamir\u0161ta &#8211; tai senovi\u0161kas kabelis, kuris vadinosi NULL-MODEM. Jo esm\u0117 &#8211; dviej\u0173 kompiuteri\u0173 ar kitoki\u0173 prietais\u0173 sujungimas per gryn\u0105 RS-232, sukry\u017eminant (nors man, pagal prasm\u0119, ai\u0161kesnis \u017eodis &#8211; krosinant) TX ir RX laidus, tai yra, vieno prietaiso TX jungiasi \u012f kito RX, o kito prietaiso TX jungiasi \u012f to pirmojo RX. Va ir visas stebuklas, taip padarius ry\u0161ys tarp RS-232 prietais\u0173 jau yra. Dabar tik reikia t\u0105 RS-232 paversti \u012f USB abiejuose galuose. Ai, ir i\u0161 karto pasakau, kad nesigilinam \u012f \u012ftamp\u0173 lygius, ar tai bus TTL ar tikras RS-232. Ir dar, kad suprastum\u0117te &#8211; kompiuterio viduje RS-232 jungiamas \u012f UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter), taigi galima i\u0161 karto imti USB-UART konverter\u012f ir nekonvertuoti UART \u012f RS-232. Daugiau papildomai ai\u0161kinti kuo skiriasi ir kada kas naudojama tingiu, bet tur\u0117kime galvoje, kad RS-232 ir UART \u012ftamp\u0173 lygiai skiriasi. Dabar reikia parinkti \u0161iuolaikin\u012f USB &#8211; UART konverter\u012f. Tie dalykai n\u0117ra nei labai naujiena, nei labai sud\u0117tingi, pilna prikepta visokio lygio USB &#8211; UART arba RS-232 kabeliuk\u0173. Tik i\u0161 patirties \u017einau, kad FTDI mikroschemos dirba geriausiai, plius \u017einomas gamintojas, tod\u0117l tvarkykli\u0173 ie\u0161koti nereiks. Atsidarius FTDI Internetin\u012f katalog\u0105 per\u017ei\u016br\u0117jau vis\u0173 galim\u0173 kandidat\u0173 informacij\u0105 ir i\u0161sirinkau <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/FT230XS-R.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">FT230XS-R<\/a> mikroschem\u0105. \u0160alia ir VCP (Virtual COM Port) tvarkykl\u0117s. Pagal parametrus &#8211; visko \u010dia net per daug arba lygiai tiek, kiek reikia. Plius yra galimyb\u0117 programuoti mikroschem\u0105, konfig\u016bruoti j\u0105 pagal save, bet svarbiausia, ji daro tai k\u0105 reikia, konvertuoja USB \u012f UART ir atgal. I\u0161 minus\u0173 &#8211; mikroschema &#8222;valgo&#8221; 3,3V, o i\u0161 USB i\u0161eina 5V. Nors mikroschema t\u0105 minus\u0105 pati ir sutvarko, tai net ir jo nebelieka. \u017di\u016brim mikroschemos apra\u0161ym\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-6.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"830\" height=\"594\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6167\" style=\"width:388px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-6.png 830w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-6-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-6-768x550.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 830px) 100vw, 830px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160tai ir schema, kaip mikroschem\u0105 u\u017emaitinti nuo USB prievado. Matome, kad mikroschema suvalgo 5V, o paskui pati konvertuoja juos \u012f reikiamus 3,3V ir i\u0161leid\u017eia juos \u012f laisv\u0119 per 3V3OUT kontakt\u0105. Bet maksimaliai 50 mA. Toliau skaitant mikroschemos apra\u0161ym\u0105 randame ir vis\u0105 USB \u012f RS-232 konverterio schem\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-7.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"880\" height=\"590\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6171\" style=\"width:501px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-7.png 880w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-7-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-7-768x515.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 880px) 100vw, 880px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u0105 mes \u010dia matome ? USB lizdas prijungtas prie FT230X, kuris USB duomen\u0173 sraut\u0105 i\u0161 savo UART prievado su TTL \u012ftamp\u0173 lygiais perduoda \u012f &#8222;RS232 LEVEL CONVERTER&#8221; mikroschem\u0105, kuri savo ruo\u017etu pagamin\u0105 t\u0105 tikr\u0105j\u012f RS-232. Principe, sujungus tokias pat dvi schemas NULL MODEM pavyzd\u017eiu, tai yra 1 schemos TXDATA \u012f 2 schemos RXDATA ir 2 schemos TXDATA \u012f 1 schemos RXDATA jau b\u016bt\u0173 galimas ry\u0161ys. Taip pat sukry\u017eminus galima b\u016bt\u0173 sujungti ir RTS\/CTS, nors savo schemoje \u0161it\u0173 dviej\u0173 hardwarinio duomen\u0173 perdavimo valdymo kontakt\u0173 nenaudosiu. Bet jau gird\u017eiu skaitan\u010di\u0173 komentarus &#8211; pala pala, o tai kam dar TTL keisti \u012f RS-232, jeigu galima sujungti du TTL ? Teisingai, tas RS232 LEVEL CONVERTER m\u016bs\u0173 reikm\u0117m visi\u0161kai nereikalingas, metam lauk ir schema dar labiau supaprast\u0117ja. Bet, galvoju, paliekam LED indikatorius TX ir RX perdavimui i\u0161 kontakt\u0173 CBUS1 ir CBUS2. CBUS kontakt\u0173 funkcijos konfig\u016bruojamos programuojant mikroschem\u0105, bet CBUS1 ir CBUS2 pagal nutyl\u0117jim\u0105 jau sukonfig\u016bruoti TX ir RX indikatori\u0173 valdymui. Jau schemos baz\u0117 kaip ir yra, bet mes in\u017einieriai, pram\u0105stom ar tikrai jau viskas. O tolimesn\u0117 min\u010di\u0173 eiga tokia &#8211; o jeigu reiks prijungti laptop\u0105, maitinam\u0105 nuo vidin\u0117s baterijos prie stacionaraus kompiuterio, arba kok\u012f specifin\u012f \u012frengin\u012f, su savo maitinimo prie laptopo irgi su savu maitinimu&#8230; Ir kaip tada jausis ir bendraus mikroschemos, u\u017emaitintos nuo skirting\u0173 USB lizd\u0173 ? Galima b\u016bt\u0173 USB lizd\u0173 pliusus ir minusus sujungti&#8230; Gal ir galima, bet kai ne\u017einome, k\u0105 galutinis vartotojas jungs prie m\u016bs\u0173 konverterio\/adapterio &#8211; b\u016bt\u0173 per daug dr\u0105su tvirtinti, kad neatsiras koks nors \u012ftamp\u0173 lygi\u0173 neatitikimas, koks nors &#8222;ground loop&#8217;as&#8221;, ar dar koks monas, d\u0117l kurio gali suple\u0161k\u0117ti kuris nors i\u0161 sujungt\u0173 prietais\u0173. \u012eprastai, kai duomen\u0173 perdavimui sujungiami du prietaisai su nuosavu maitinimu, norisi, kad jie b\u016bt\u0173 galvani\u0161kai izoliuoti, tai yra, netur\u0117t\u0173 elektrinio ry\u0161io. Kaip pavyzdys &#8211; du kompiuteriai sujungti tarpusavyje optiniu kabeliu, jokio elektrinio ry\u0161io, o duomenys vis tiek perduodami. M\u016bs\u0173 atveju naudoti optin\u012f kabel\u012f yra prabanga, tod\u0117l prad\u017eiai pa\u017ei\u016br\u0117siu, tarkim, Digio kataloge koki\u0173 yra variant\u0173. Duomen\u0173 perdavime, t. y. ten, kur nereikia dideli\u0173 galingum\u0173, bet reikia didelio grei\u010dio, da\u017eniausiai naudojami kondensatoriniai izoliatoriai. Pagal m\u016bs\u0173 FT230X matome, kad sujungti galima b\u016bt\u0173 4 kanalus (TX, RX, CTS ir RTS), tod\u0117l pasirenku 4 kanal\u0173 skaitmenin\u012f izoliatori\u0173, dirbant\u012f mums tinkamame maitinimo \u012ftamp\u0173 diapazone <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ISO7742FQDWRQ1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Texas Instruments ISO7742FQDWRQ1<\/a>. Supaprastinta vieno kanalo schema:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-8.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"814\" height=\"435\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6181\" style=\"width:380px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-8.png 814w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-8-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-8-768x410.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Veikimas, paprastai, toks &#8211; paduodamas skaitmeninis signalas pakei\u010diamas moduliuotu signalu, kuris praeina per kondensatorius, tuo pa\u010diu nusifiltruoja nuolatin\u0117 dedamoji, tada signalas dekoduojamas atgal \u012f skaitmen\u0105 ir i\u0161leid\u017eiamas laukan. Papras\u010diau suprasti tiesiog \u017ei\u016brint \u012f blokin\u0119 schem\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-10.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"928\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6183\" style=\"width:637px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-10.png 928w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-10-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-10-768x314.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O signalas atrodo va taip:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-11.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"604\" height=\"298\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6184\" style=\"width:385px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-11.png 604w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-11-300x148.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ateinantis meandras pakei\u010diamas ka\u017ekokio da\u017enio moduliuoti signalu, kuris lengvai pereina per kondensatorius ir patenka \u012f priiman\u010di\u0105 dal\u012f, kuri signal\u0105 demoduliuoja ir pagamina teising\u0105 signal\u0105 i\u0161\u0117jime. Ir abu tie signalai yra teisingi savo maitinim\u0173 at\u017evilgiu. Izoliuojan\u010dios mikroschemos vidin\u0117 schema:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-9.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"378\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6182\" style=\"width:267px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-9.png 378w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-9-277x300.png 277w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Turim du kanalus \u012f vien\u0105 pus\u0119 ir du kanalus \u012f kit\u0105 pus\u0119, b\u016btent tai, ko reikia. Toks dalykas pad\u0117t\u0173 ir jeigu reikt\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, bendrauti 5V ir 3.3V sistemoms, mikroschema i\u0161transliuot\u0173 visk\u0105 teisinguose \u012ftamp\u0173 lygiuose ir niekas nesudegt\u0173. \u0160iaip mikroschemos naudojimas paprastas, tik yra niuans\u0173 su trasavimu ir PCB, bet viskas detaliai apra\u0161yta mikroschemos apra\u0161yme. Dabar visk\u0105, kas para\u0161yta, plius mikroschem\u0173 apra\u0161ymus, plius \u0161iek tiek teorijos apie TTL\/UART\/RS-232 sumetam \u012f puod\u0105, vadinam\u0105 galva, gerai suplakame ir gauname va tokia vat schem\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"725\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-1024x725.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-1024x725.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-768x544.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-1536x1088.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Schematic_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19.png 1652w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Palikau ir savo u\u017era\u0161us angl\u0173 kalba. \u010cia dvi identi\u0161kos schemos dalys, konvertuojan\u010dios USB \u012f TTL, o per vidur\u012f m\u016bs\u0173 skaitmeninis izoliatorius. Signalinius &#8222;laidus&#8221; paspalvinau, kad lengviau atsirinkti kas kur eina ir prijungta. Kai jau yra schema, reikia pasidaryti plok\u0161t\u0119. Plok\u0161tei ka\u017ekoki\u0173 rimt\u0173 reikalavim\u0173 nek\u0117liau, neskaitant t\u0173, kuri\u0173 reik\u0117jo teisingam mikroschemos veikimui, bet pasistengiau daryti plok\u0161t\u0119 kuo ma\u017eesn\u0119 ir siauresn\u0119.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/PCB_PCB_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"924\" height=\"216\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/PCB_PCB_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/PCB_PCB_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19.png 924w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/PCB_PCB_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/PCB_PCB_USB-with-Null-Modem-V1.0_2025-05-19-768x180.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-scaled.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"160\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-1024x160.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-1024x160.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-300x47.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-768x120.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-1536x240.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-12-2048x320.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"492\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14-1024x492.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14-1024x492.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14-768x369.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14-1536x738.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-14-2048x984.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15-1024x448.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15-1024x448.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15-768x336.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15-1536x672.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-15-2048x896.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vat tokia ir gavosi nedidel\u0117 plok\u0161t\u0117, su komponentais. Abu USB tokio tipo, kad b\u016bt\u0173 galima lengvai prijungti prie dviej\u0173 USB prailgintuv\u0173 arba plok\u0161t\u0119 i\u0161 karto ki\u0161ti \u012f kompiuterio USB lizd\u0105, o kit\u0105 gal\u0105 su prailgintuvu \u012f kit\u0105 prietais\u0105. Vienu \u017eod\u017eiu fantazijos reikalas, o ir pa\u010dius USB lizdus galima pakeisti \u012f norimos formos, tik truput\u012f pakei\u010diant PCB. O gyvai plok\u0161tel\u0117 atrodo va taip:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"459\" data-id=\"6203\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-1024x459.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-1024x459.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-768x344.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-1536x688.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150739-2048x917.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"459\" data-id=\"6204\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-1024x459.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-1024x459.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-768x344.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-1536x688.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/IMG20250519150754-2048x917.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Surinkus reikia pabandyti kaip tas daiktas veikia. Tam galima pasinaudoti ir vienu kompiuteriu, kuris turi bent 2 USB lizdus. Prijungiau prie to paties kompiuterio per USB \u0161akotuv\u0105, prietais\u0105 rado kaip COM4 ir COM5 prievadus, tod\u0117l atidariau <a href=\"https:\/\/www.putty.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">terminalo emuliatori\u0173 Putty<\/a> abiem prievadams ir paband\u017eiau para\u0161yti tekst\u0105. Mintis tokia, kad jeigu veikia, tai tekstas, t. y. duomenys, i\u0161 vieno terminalo lango bus perduoti \u012f kit\u0105 terminalo lang\u0105 ir atvirk\u0161\u010diai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video height=\"528\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1504 \/ 528;\" width=\"1504\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/2025-05-20-09-31-27.mkv\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cia tiems, kas m\u0117gsta kalb\u0117tis su savimi, labai patogu <img decoding=\"async\" draggable=\"false\" class=\"eedee-emoji\" src=\"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/12.0.0-1\/svg\/1f60b.svg\" alt=\"\ud83d\ude0b\">. O adapteris tuo metu atrodo va taip:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video height=\"3840\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 2160 \/ 3840;\" width=\"2160\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/VID20250520093250.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LEDai mirksi, duomenys laksto, chm, tai turb\u016bt u\u017eskaitom, kad veikia. Nors dar reikt\u0173 pabandyti tarp dviej\u0173 visai atskir\u0173 kompiuteri\u0173. Ir, kad neb\u016bt\u0173 visai lengva, vienas kompiuteris bus mano darbinis Asus TUF Gaming A15 FA507NV su Windows 11 Home (jooo blyn, \u017eiauriai prasileidau, kad ne PRO), o kitas laptop\u0117lis su Windows 2000 Professional ! W11 ai\u0161ku be klausim\u0173 pasigavo tvarkykles ir viskas su jais OK, o prijungus prie W2000PRO prasid\u0117jo tvarkykli\u0173 diegimo vedlys. Lengvai susiradau tvarkykles FTDI puslapyje ir su\u0161\u0117riau vedliui, po to jam klausim\u0173 nebekilo. W2000PRO turi gimt\u0105j\u012f terminal\u0105, tai paband\u017eiau su juo, bet ry\u0161ys buvo toks labiau vienpusis &#8211; i\u0161 senuko duomenys neateina, o \u012f senuk\u0105 i\u0161 Putty nueina. Tai dar parsiun\u010diau senesn\u0119 (0.61 berods) Putty versij\u0105 senukui ir viskas kuo puikiais veikia, abiem kryptimis duomenys vaik\u0161to, tekstas pasirodo, tai bandymai baigti. Schem\u0105 ir plok\u0161te dariau su <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/USB-Null-Modem.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EasyEDA, tai schemos ir plok\u0161t\u0117s failiukai \u0161iai programai yra \u010dia<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FT230X mikroschemos konfig\u016bravimui naudojamas <a href=\"https:\/\/ftdichip.com\/utilities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">FT Prog \u012frankis<\/a>, parsisiun\u010diamas i\u0161 FTDI puslapio. Nelabai turiu k\u0105 ten programuoti, bet prisijungti pabandysiu:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-16.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"812\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-16-1024x812.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6222\" style=\"width:815px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-16-1024x812.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-16-300x238.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-16-768x609.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-16.png 1384w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kad bent ka\u017ek\u0105 pakeisti, lendam \u012f Hardware specific punkt\u0105, CBUS Signals:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-17.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"816\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-17-1024x816.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6223\" style=\"width:811px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-17-1024x816.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-17-300x239.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-17-768x612.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-17.png 1381w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pabandymui C1 pasirenku Drive_1, tur\u0117t\u0173 tame i\u0161\u0117jime visada b\u016bt\u0173 auk\u0161tas lygis. I\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173, i\u0161jungus ir v\u0117l prijungus adapter\u012f, buv\u0119s TX LEDas dabar \u0161vie\u010dia pastoviai. Prie IO Pins &gt; CBUS dar radau \u012fdom\u0173 nustatym\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-18.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"814\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-18-1024x814.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6224\" style=\"width:808px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-18-1024x814.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-18-300x239.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-18-768x611.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-18.png 1381w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apra\u0161yme lyg nema\u010diau, kad CBUS&#8217;ai mok\u0117t\u0173 riboti srov\u0119, bet gamyklinis nustatymas 4mA. O kam tada reikalingas LED rezistorius? Chm, o pabandom nustatyti 16 mA ir pa\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti, kas bus su tuo pastoviai \u0161vie\u010dian\u010diu LED. Chm, nepasaky\u010diau, kad \u0161vie\u010dia ry\u0161kiau. Tiesa ka\u017ekoks srov\u0117s ribojimas, matomai, visgi yra, nes prijungus prie USB sekund\u0117s daliai LED \u0161vystelna ry\u0161kiau, po to matyt apsiriboja srov\u0117 ir LED v\u0117l tampa blankus. Bet yra visai \u012fdomi\u0173 galimybi\u0173 nustatyti CBUS i\u0161vad\u0173 funkcijas:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-19.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"812\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-19-1024x812.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6228\" style=\"width:810px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-19-1024x812.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-19-300x238.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-19-768x609.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-19.png 1387w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kartais reikia tokio dalyko, sujungtu du kompiuterius per USB. Arba bet kokius kitokius du prietaisus per USB, pavyzd\u017eiui, kompiuter\u012f ir koki\u0173 nors gudri\u0173 stakli\u0173 valdymo blok\u0105 su USB jungtimi. Taigi, tiesioginio USB &#8211; USB ry\u0161io n\u0117ra, nes tam reikt\u0173 ra\u0161yti specialias tvarkykles ir dar knistis su visokiais papildomais programavimo\/komunikacijos reikalais. O daroma viskas papras\u010diau &#8211;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-elektronika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6155","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6155"}],"version-history":[{"count":44,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6155\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6465,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6155\/revisions\/6465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6155"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6155"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dclabs.lt\/dainiaus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}